General Notes:

• Our ancestral haplotype for Herman Groethausen has been chosen because a majority of the participants tested so far have an exact match on at least 43 markers. All variations from this 43 marker haplotype are considered to be mutations from the ancestral haplotype. Currently there are ten [10] participants whose Y-DNA results match our ancestral haplotype for Herman Groethausen at 100% across 43 markers. See the Summary Results for more information.
• The last nine markers in the results table above will only be available for participants who have tested with DNA Heritage or if a participant has ordered those markers individually from Family Tree DNA.
• Best Y-DNA Match: A 75/76 marker match has been discovered between Participants 001 and 016. They are descendants of John Greathouse Senior and Sarah McDade through their sons, Edward "Ned" and John B. Jr., respectively. The variation seen when their results are compared is found on marker DYS 413b, where on Particpant 001 we have observed a duplicated STR marker due to recombinational loss of heterozygosity (recLOH). E.g. first we have the alleles 23-25, after recombination we have 23-23. The most likely allele values for DYS 413a/b between these participants would be: DYS 413a = 23 and DYS 413b = 25.
• For those participants whose lineage has been documented through Herman Groethausen, the grandson of Herman whom they represent, has been named, with the State their death occurred in, ie... [Jacob of GA]; [Harman of MD]; [William of VA] and etc.